摘要 :
We discuss research evaluation, the nature of impact, and the use of the Thomson Reuters journal impact factor and other indicators in scientometrics in the light of recent commentary.
摘要 :
A methodology for creating bibliometric impact profiles is described. The advantages of such profiles as a management tool to supplement the reporting power of traditional average impact metrics are discussed. The impact profile f...
展开
A methodology for creating bibliometric impact profiles is described. The advantages of such profiles as a management tool to supplement the reporting power of traditional average impact metrics are discussed. The impact profile for the UK as a whole reveals the extent to which the median and modal UK impact values differ from and are significantly below average impact. Only one-third of UK output for 1995-2004 is above world average impact although the UK’s average world-normalised impact is 1.24. Time-categorised impact profiles are used to test hypotheses about changing impact and confirm that the increase in average UK impact is due to real improvement rather than a reduction in low impact outputs.
收起
摘要 :
A high accuracy, counter flow double pipe heat exchanger system is designed for the measurement of convective heat transfer coefficients with different nanofluids. Both positive and negative enhancement of convective heat transfer...
展开
A high accuracy, counter flow double pipe heat exchanger system is designed for the measurement of convective heat transfer coefficients with different nanofluids. Both positive and negative enhancement of convective heat transfer of alumina nanofluids are found in the experiments. A modified equation was proposed to explain above phenomena through the physic properties of nanofluids such as thermal conductivity, special heat capacity and viscosity.
收起
摘要 :
Polar OLED was founded in November 2008 by Professors Steve Kelly and Mary O'Neill to commercialize IP held and being developed by the University of Hull in optoelectronic devices. The first stable liquid crystals were invented at...
展开
Polar OLED was founded in November 2008 by Professors Steve Kelly and Mary O'Neill to commercialize IP held and being developed by the University of Hull in optoelectronic devices. The first stable liquid crystals were invented at the University's Chemistry department in 1971. In March 2009, the company received funding from the IP Group, an IP commercialization company that specializes in commercializing university technology.
收起
摘要 :
A methodology for creating bibliometric impact profiles is described. The advantages of such profiles as a management tool to supplement the reporting power of traditional average impact metrics are discussed. The impact profile f...
展开
A methodology for creating bibliometric impact profiles is described. The advantages of such profiles as a management tool to supplement the reporting power of traditional average impact metrics are discussed. The impact profile for the UK as a whole reveals the extent to which the median and modal UK impact values differ from and are significantly below average impact. Only one-third of UK output for 1995-2004 is above world average impact although the UK's average world-normalised impact is 1.24. Time-categorised impact profiles are used to test hypotheses about changing impact and confirm that the increase in average UK impact is due to real improvement rather than a reduction in low impact outputs. The impact profile methodology has been applied across disciplines as well as years and is shown to work well in all subject categories. It reveals substantial variations in performance between disciplines. The value of calculating the profile median and mode as well as the average impact are demonstrated. Finally, the methodology is applied to a specific data-set to compare the impact profile of the elite Laboratory of Molecular Biology (Cambridge) with the relevant UK average. This demonstrates an application of the methodology by identifying where the institute's exceptional performance is located. The value of impact profiles lies in their role as an interpretive aid for non-specialists, not as a technical transformation of the data for scientometricians.
收起
摘要 :
Waste materials have been upcycled and recycled to produce a wide range of useful new materials. However, spin-off company Encos Ltd., from the University of Leeds, has addressed this trend of waste-to-wealth with their latest tec...
展开
Waste materials have been upcycled and recycled to produce a wide range of useful new materials. However, spin-off company Encos Ltd., from the University of Leeds, has addressed this trend of waste-to-wealth with their latest technology development. It has developed an unique patented technology for producing construction materials from sewage and industrial waste. First founded in 2007, based on technologies developed by John Forth and Salah Zoorob, Encos has been offering a low-energy solution, which the company claims can produce fully sustainable and carbon-negative construction materials.
收起
摘要 :
Research assessment in the UK has evolved over a quarter of a century from a loosely structured, peer-review based process to one with a well understood data portfolio and assessment methodology. After 2008, the assessment process...
展开
Research assessment in the UK has evolved over a quarter of a century from a loosely structured, peer-review based process to one with a well understood data portfolio and assessment methodology. After 2008, the assessment process will shift again, to the use of indicators based largely on publication and citation data. These indicators will in part follow the format introduced in 2008, with a profiling of assessment outcomes at national and international levels. However, the shift from peer assessment to a quantitative methodology raises critical issues about which metrics are appropriate and informative and how such metrics should be managed to produce weighting factors for funding formulae. The link between publication metrics and other perceptions of research quality needs to be thoroughly tested and reviewed, and may be variable between disciplines. Many of the indicators that drop out of publication data are poorly linked to quality and should not be used at all. There are also issues about which publications are the correct base for assessment, which staff should be included in a review, how subjects should be structured and how the citation data should be normalised to account for discipline-dependent variables. Finally, it is vital to consider the effect that any assessment process will have on the behaviour of those to be assessed.
收起
摘要 :
Research assessment in the UK has evolved over a quarter of a century from a loosely structured, peer-review based process to one with a well understood data portfolio and assessment methodology. After 2008, the assessment process...
展开
Research assessment in the UK has evolved over a quarter of a century from a loosely structured, peer-review based process to one with a well understood data portfolio and assessment methodology. After 2008, the assessment process will shift again, to the use of indicators based largely on publication and citation data. These indicators will in part follow the format introduced in 2008, with a profiling of assessment outcomes at national and international levels. However, the shift from peer assessment to a quantitative methodology raises critical issues about which metrics are appropriate and informative and how such metrics should be managed to produce weighting factors for funding formulae. The link between publication metrics and other perceptions of research quality needs to be thoroughly tested and reviewed, and may be variable between disciplines. Many of the indicators that drop out of publication data are poorly linked to quality and should not be used at all. There are also issues about which publications are the correct base for assessment, which staff should be included in a review, how subjects should be structured and how the citation data should be normalised to account for discipline-dependent variables. Finally, it is vital to consider the effect that any assessment process will have on the behaviour of those to be assessed.
收起
摘要 :
With the continuing depletion of petrochemical feedstocks, it has become necessary to produce new, useful, and environmentally friendly polymers for a sustainable future. Synthesis of a polyester from lactic acid was pioneered by ...
展开
With the continuing depletion of petrochemical feedstocks, it has become necessary to produce new, useful, and environmentally friendly polymers for a sustainable future. Synthesis of a polyester from lactic acid was pioneered by Carothers in 1932 and developed by DuPont. Poly (lactic acid) (PLA) is a linear aliphatic thermoplastic polyester derived from 100 % renewable sources,and the polymer is compostable. The production of PLA uses 20-50% less fossil fuel resources than comparable petroleum-based fibers. PLA is a particularly "green" polymer in terms of sustainability and degradation, two vital components of the 'cradle-to-grave' life cycle. Plants process atmospheric CO2 and water through photosynthesis to make the raw materials from which the building blocks of PLA can be obtained; and composting converts PLA into CO2, water, biomass, humus, and other natural substances (Figure 1). PLA is formed either by direct condensation of lactic acid, or, most effectively, via the cyclic intermediate dimer (lactide) through a catalyzed ring-opening polymerization (ROP) process. Metal alkox-ides are the most common catalysts employed in ROP of cyclic esters. Aluminum alkoxides have been shown to give a controlled and living polymerization of lactides through a so-called coordination/insertion mechanism.
收起
原文获取